The Makabayan Bloc is a coalition of leftist Philippine political parties in the House of Representatives of the Philippines. The political parties represent peasants, workers, women, teachers, youth, migrants, and indigenous peoples (e.g. Bayan Muna, ACT Teachers, Kabataan). They are also allied with militant civil society organizations like Anakbayan, Kilusang Mayo Uno, and Piston.

A hollowed state has a governance system where the state primarily and
predominantly contracts all traditional public services and goods to third party
organizations (e.g. corporations, non-profit organizations, NGOs, aid agencies,
etc.).

The government, both national and local, in a hollowed state develops the political agenda of their state and facilitates a network of participating third parties but has a reduced control and supervision over projects handled by third parties.

These third parties bid for government projects and become accountable for
the end-to-end management and completion of these projects.

Predictive analytics is a branch of advanced analytics used to make predictions about unknown future events. Predictive analytics uses many techniques including data mining, statistical modeling, and machine learning to analyze current data to make predictions about the future.

Participatory approach in development primarily involves the community or stakeholders in the discussions and decision making process of policies that affect them.

The "splintering of the internet" refers to the trend in which regulations and barriers that separate how different parts of the world use the internet are becoming more widely adopted. Examples of this include China's Great Firewall, Australia's unique media ownership regulations, the EU's General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR), and Russia's Sovereign Internet Law.

Mark Zuckerberg recently announced their ambition to transform Facebook into a metaverse that seeks to actively replace social, workplace, and entertainment spaces.

The metaverse uses augmented reality technology to create a virtual environment where users can be present with other users in digital spaces. These users are seemingly immersed in these spaces rather than just looking at them.

No sole company can create and run a metaverse. Its success would rely on the cooperation and immutable record-keeping among Facebook and other companies.

For the purposes of this debate, stimulus and relief packages pertain to direct cash transfers to beneficiaries, deferment of loan repayment requirements, and other government covered expenditures unique to the pandemic (e.g testing kits, tax credit to companies granting sick leaves to employees, etc).

Quantitative easing is a monetary policy wherein the central bank purchases long-term securities to lower interest rates in the short to medium term.

The microfinance industry is the sub-sector of financial services uniquely designed to target small businesses and the poor. Common features of microfinance organizations include, but are not limited to, not requiring collateral, hedging risk with group liability, and charging higher interest rates to its users when compared to traditional banking services.

The Commonwealth of Nations, commonly referred to simply as the Commonwealth, is a political association composed of former British colonies (e.g. Canada, Malaysia, India, Kenya).

Its origins were to recognize these countries as members of the British empire, but it has transitioned to an organization meant to promote justice & human rights, democracy, and economic opportunities for members.

The Filipino concept of hiya manifests into two interrelated definitions: (1) the hiya that is suffered as shame or embarrassment and
(2) the hiya that is an active and sacrificial self-control of one’s individual wants for the sake of other people.

A pro-rata model of compensation divides the total pool of revenue the platform earns to artists and their respective companies on the basis of their share of all listeners’ plays. Under this model, even if you personally do not listen to popular artists, your money is still going to them.

A user-centric model of compensation detects what genres and types of artists a specific user listens to, and distributes money generated from them based only on this. This means that money from a person who listens predominantly to hiphop will go towards hiphop artists, and not necessarily to the most popular artists with the largest share of streams at the moment.

Ride or die is a colloquial expression of extreme loyalty to someone. It is a slang derived from the phrase "ride till the end or die trying." It pertains to a kind relationship where you stand by each other through any problem. Another definition is when one is willing to do anything for someone they love or highly appreciate in their life. This includes romantic, friendly, and familial relationships.

Care bots are an emerging breed of robotics catered to the specialized care of the elderly and individuals who face cognitive or social decline. These robots perform the work done by human caregivers including setting medicine reminders, guiding individuals to the bathroom, and contacting loved ones in the case of an emergency.

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach under which producers are required to be responsible for the treatment and disposal of their post-consumer products both financially and physically.

The campaign for fossil fuel divestment refers to environmental movements asking institutions, corporations, and investors to move their money out of oil, coal, and gas companies for both moral and financial reason

College admissions coaching can refer to private coaches and CET (College Entrance Tests) review centers. Private coaches are employed by families and offer personalized advice to help the students in selecting and applying for colleges. They can also help guide in students' decision-making on extracurricular activities to join, curriculum/subjects to take, and college essay topics, among others. CET review centers also offer scholarship slots to deserving students for the review classes.